All of this resulted in a list that we believe includes masks with the most thoughtful and sturdy designs, as well as models that should comfortably fit most faces. A properly fitting mask extends vertically from the bridge of the nose to about an inch under the chin. Don’t fall for “one size fits all.” That one size might not fit you.
Masks are made from a variety of materials and layers to filter airborne contaminants. Masks must be worn loosely over the nose and mouth so that breathing isn’t restricted causing the wearer to adjust and put themselves at risk by touching the face. If worn and handled properly, it will slow the spread of sickness, especially when worn by individuals with the virus who may not know it. 33 The data also show that the clinical case definition of ILI is non-specific, and captures a range of pathogens other than influenza. The study suggests face mask may be protective, but the magnitude of difference raises the possibility that cloth masks cause an increase in infection risk in HCWs.
There’s something to be said for a go-to brand of disposable masks that you can easily pick up in person when you need to. These masks from ICU Health are widely available at stores like Target and Walmart. These face masks are not winning any points for innovation or comfort, but they do the job, offering three layers of protection, ear loops and an adjustable nose bridge.
New guidance and standards mean that it’s now very hard for me to recommend the cloth face coverings that we recommended earlier in the pandemic. It will take time for every mask manufacturer to get their products tested. In the meantime, make sure your mask follows the recommended Medical masks guidelines from the CDC, fits well, and is clean. A good reusable mask should completely cover your nose and mouth, use at least two fabric layers, and be washable. When I receive a mask, I first use the light and candle test—can I see light through the weave?
Keep in mind, too, that masks with different filtration efficiencies may not be as far off as they seem. “Given the uncertainties in measurements and fit, there’s not a big difference between 80% and 95%,” Marr explained. Next, we commissioned an independent lab at Colorado State University’s Center for Energy Development and Health to test how well the masks might filter droplet- and aerosol-size particles. We have six to recommend that are high-performing, breathable, and fit a range of ages. A wire at the top of some masks molds all around your nose to form a tighter seal.
We found similar problems with Banana Republic’s newer styles, such as the Banana Republic Face Mask (2-Pack) with headbands and the polyester-spandex Banana Republic Flyweight Face Mask (3-Pack) with ear loops. The same goes for the newer Athleta Women’s Activate Face Mask 2-Pack. The four-ply, filter-incorporated Copper Compression Copper Infused Face Mask, available in a two-pack, blocked 83% of 0.5-micron particles in lab testing.
Whether you choose to wear a mask or respirator, it’s important that it fits snugly around the face without any gaps, covering your nose and mouth, and that it’s comfortable enough to keep on as long as you need to. Your mask or respirator will be less effective if it’s loose or if you need to take it off frequently. Because nonmedical-grade disposable masks are not regulated by the FDA, there is no uniform design standard they follow, but most have at least two layers. Medical-grade masks, however, are regulated by the FDA and adhere to specific standards.
But because of its stiff texture, some testers had difficulty achieving a good seal. Most people are likely to find a lighter, more breathable feel with Enro’s mask or Proper Cloth’s The Everyday Mask. Although the incorporated filter is convenient, it does add heft to the mask, making it feel stiffer and heavier than even the filter-incorporated Enro and Happy Masks Pro.
And because they’re relatively cheap, they’re perfect for double masking. WWDoll’s KN95s are manufactured in a factory in China that’s on the FDA’s EUA list. They have multiple layers of fabric, a foldable 3D shape, ear loops and an adjustable nose bridge to help you achieve a more secure fit.
At the request of University of North Carolina Hospitals, EPA scientists are working to understand the effectiveness of masks to protect the wearer against the virus through a series of projects in collaboration with UNC researchers. Researchers tested how well different masks and modifications filter out airborne salt particles, which are the same size as the smallest SARS-CoV-2 particles, but are not harmful. Members of the research team wore the face coverings to do the testing themselves.